氪的同位素
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标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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氪(原子量:83.798(2))共有40个同位素,其中有5个同位素是稳定的。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素质量(u) | 半衰期 | 衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物[n 1] |
原子核 自旋 |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率) |
相对丰度 的变化量 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量 | |||||||||
69Kr | 36 | 33 | 68.96518(43)# | 32(10) ms | β+ | 69Br | 5/2-# | ||
70Kr | 36 | 34 | 69.95526(41)# | 52(17) ms | β+ | 70Br | 0+ | ||
71Kr | 36 | 35 | 70.94963(70) | 100(3) ms | β+ (94.8%) | 71Br | (5/2)- | ||
β+, p (5.2%) | 70Se | ||||||||
72Kr | 36 | 36 | 71.942092(9) | 17.16(18) s | β+ | 72Br | 0+ | ||
73Kr | 36 | 37 | 72.939289(7) | 28.6(6) s | β+ (99.32%) | 73Br | 3/2- | ||
β+, p (.68%) | 72Se | ||||||||
73mKr | 433.66(12) keV | 107(10) ns | (9/2+) | ||||||
74Kr | 36 | 38 | 73.9330844(22) | 11.50(11) min | β+ | 74Br | 0+ | ||
75Kr | 36 | 39 | 74.930946(9) | 4.29(17) min | β+ | 75Br | 5/2+ | ||
76Kr | 36 | 40 | 75.925910(4) | 14.8(1) h | β+ | 76Br | 0+ | ||
77Kr | 36 | 41 | 76.9246700(21) | 74.4(6) min | β+ | 77Br | 5/2+ | ||
78Kr | 36 | 42 | 77.9203648(12) | 9.2 +5.5 −2.6 +1.3 −×1021 y[1] |
双电子捕获 | 78Se | 0+ | 0.00355(3) | |
79Kr | 36 | 43 | 78.920082(4) | 35.04(10) h | β+ | 79Br | 1/2- | ||
79mKr | 129.77(5) keV | 50(3) s | 7/2+ | ||||||
80Kr | 36 | 44 | 79.9163790(16) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.02286(10) | |||
81Kr[n 2] | 36 | 45 | 80.9165920(21) | 2.29(11)×105 a | ε | 81Br | 7/2+ | trace | |
81mKr | 190.62(4) keV | 13.10(3) s | IT (99.975%) | 81Kr | 1/2- | ||||
ε (.025%) | 81Br | ||||||||
82Kr | 36 | 46 | 81.9134836(19) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.11593(31) | |||
83Kr[n 3] | 36 | 47 | 82.914136(3) | 稳定 | 9/2+ | 0.11500(19) | |||
83m1Kr | 9.4053(8) keV | 154.4(11) ns | 7/2+ | ||||||
83m2Kr | 41.5569(10) keV | 1.83(2) h | IT | 83Kr | 1/2- | ||||
84 Kr [n 3] |
36 | 48 | 83.911507(3) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.56987(15) | |||
84mKr | 3236.02(18) keV | 1.89(4) µs | 8+ | ||||||
85 Kr [n 3] |
36 | 49 | 84.9125273(21) | 10.776(3) a | β− | 85Rb | 9/2+ | trace | |
85m1Kr | 304.871(20) keV | 4.480(8) h | β− (78.6%) | 85Rb | 1/2- | ||||
IT (21.4%) | 85Kr | ||||||||
85m2Kr | 1991.8(13) keV | 1.6(7) µs [1.2(+10-4) µs] |
(17/2+) | ||||||
86Kr[n 4][n 3] | 36 | 50 | 85.91061073(11) | 观测上稳定[n 5] | 0+ | 0.17279(41) | |||
87Kr | 36 | 51 | 86.91335486(29) | 76.3(5) min | β− | 87Rb | 5/2+ | ||
88Kr | 36 | 52 | 87.914447(14) | 2.84(3) h | β− | 88Rb | 0+ | ||
89Kr | 36 | 53 | 88.91763(6) | 3.15(4) min | β− | 89Rb | 3/2(+#) | ||
90Kr | 36 | 54 | 89.919517(20) | 32.32(9) s | β− | 90mRb | 0+ | ||
91Kr | 36 | 55 | 90.92345(6) | 8.57(4) s | β− | 91Rb | 5/2(+) | ||
92Kr | 36 | 56 | 91.926156(13) | 1.840(8) s | β− (99.96%) | 92Rb | 0+ | ||
β−, n (.033%) | 91Rb | ||||||||
93Kr | 36 | 57 | 92.93127(11) | 1.286(10) s | β− (98.05%) | 93Rb | 1/2+ | ||
β−, n (1.95%) | 92Rb | ||||||||
94Kr | 36 | 58 | 93.93436(32)# | 210(4) ms | β− (94.3%) | 94Rb | 0+ | ||
β−, n (5.7%) | 93Rb | ||||||||
95Kr | 36 | 59 | 94.93984(43)# | 114(3) ms | β− | 95Rb | 1/2(+) | ||
96Kr | 36 | 60 | 95.94307(54)# | 80(7) ms | β− | 96Rb | 0+ | ||
97Kr | 36 | 61 | 96.94856(54)# | 63(4) ms | β− | 97Rb | 3/2+# | ||
β−, n | 96Rb | ||||||||
98Kr | 36 | 62 | 97.95191(64)# | 46(8) ms | 0+ | ||||
99Kr | 36 | 63 | 98.95760(64)# | 40(11) ms | (3/2+)# | ||||
100Kr | 36 | 64 | 99.96114(54)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] |
0+ | ||||
101Kr | 36 | 65 | unknown | >635 ns | β−, 2n | 99Rb | unknown | ||
β−, n | 100Rb | ||||||||
β− | 101Rb |
备注:画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,只是理论推测而已,而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
溴的同位素 | 氪的同位素 | 铷的同位素 |
注释[编辑]
- ^ 稳定同位素以粗体显示,半衰期超过宇宙年龄的同位素(几乎稳定)以粗斜体显示
- ^ 用于测量地下水的年龄
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 裂变产物
- ^ 以前用于定义米的长度
- ^ 被认为会双β衰变成86Sr
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Patrignani, C.; et al. Review of Particle Physics. Chinese Physics C. 2016, 40 (10): 100001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001.(第768页)
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素与同位素的稳定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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